Chronemics

Chronemics

Time, or chronemics, can be used very differently with respect to individuals and even cultures. Time perceptions include punctuality, willingness to wait, and interactions. Time use affects lifestyles, daily agendas, speed of speech and movements, how long people are willing to listen, etc.

The way time is used can provide information about people as individuals. There are different perceptions about time usage and its value. Also, cultures differ in their usage of time. For example, in European and American societies, when men are interacting with women, they generally control the time use, talk more than women, and interrupt more than women. In the business world, Americans are expected to arrive to meetings on time and, usually, even early. On the other hand, they arrive late to parties and dances.

Manager Tip: When addressing the issues of time and punctuality, be specific as to what exactly is "on time." An employee may view arriving at 8:05-8:10 as acceptable, while the manager may see 8:10 as being late. By citing a specific time rather than using general phrases, communication can be improved and possible conflicts avoided.